Burk on Books: Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests

If you want the short version, here it is: Developers should get this book and spend some time absorbing the ideas in it. It’s well written and easy to read, but grokking it all will take time and practice. I recommend doing it as a team, book club style; read a bit then discuss it so you can bounce ideas off each other and get the benefit of other viewpoint. I also recommend starting now so you can write better code sooner!

Note to those who care: ‘Grok’ is a real word now, it’s in the Oxford English Dictionary, though I prefer the definition in Merriam Webster’s.

Still here? Well then, I think it’s safe to assume one or more of the following; you weren’t convinced by my four sentence review, you want more details about the book, or maybe you’ve just got some time to kill and like my writing style. Hey, stop laughing, it’s possible...

According to the authors, “Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests” is the results of a couple of decades of experience, including almost ten years of Test-Driven Development (TDD) on a wide range of projects. While the authors state that the goal of the book is to teach you TDD, don’t believe them. From what I read, the goal is to teach you TDD the way it should be done. Just as having 100% code coverage doesn’t mean there are no bugs, writing unit tests first doesn’t guarantee a working system.

The authors expand upon the traditional approach to TDD by adding acceptance tests to the mix. Acceptance tests, sometimes called end-to-end tests, begin at the user level (UI or public API) and exercise all parts of the system to ensure the system performs correctly.

Their approach adds an outer loop to the standard Red-Green-Refactor cycle. The loop starts with writing a failing acceptance test then writing all the unit tests needed to make it pass. While it may seem to be a small thing, I think adding the outer loop gives needed direction to the developers’ efforts by highlighting what should be built next.

The book starts with a quick introduction to the authors’ view of TDD, the tools that will be used in the examples throughout the book (JUnit 4, the Hamcrest matching framework, and the jMock2 Framework).

In Part II, the authors go deeper into how they start a project using their acceptance test/unit tests approach. In it, they introduce the concept of a “walking skeleton” which forms the basic structure the rest of the system is built upon.

Part III, a “Worked Example” is the longest section of the book, and it’s where we get to look over the authors’ shoulders as they build a nontrivial application that includes a Swing-based user interface and third-party services in the back-end. Even so, it’s not a realistic application, which is good because at the level of detail they’re giving us, the book would be too big to lift.

One of the most important things this book does is prove that you can test-drive a functional user interface. Yes, it’s a Swing-base UI, but I suspect you could follow the same approach using Seleium or Geb and test-drive a web-based UI too.

Part IV is titled “Sustainable Test-Driven Development” and it the authors present some useful guidelines intended to help you keep your sanity while maintaining a test-driven approach.

Part V covers “Advanced Topics” like how to test persistence, dealing with mult-threading, and how to test asynchronous code.

There’s more after that, including “A Brief History of Mock Objects” and two useful Appendices.

I said it before, and I’ll say it again. Developers should get this book and spend time absorbing the ideas in it; preferably with other team members for the most benefit, Go solo if you must, the time invested will be well spent.

Disclosure: I received a free copy of the book from the publisher, with the understanding that I would read it and write a review of it. For more information read my Full Disclosure post.

Here's the publishing details:

Title: Growing Software , Guided by Tests

Authors: Steve Freeman and Nat Pryce

Published: 2009 by Addison-Wesley

ISBN-10: 0321503627

ISBN-13: 978-0321503626

Burk on Books - Essential Skills for the Agile Developer: A Guide to Better Programming and Design

“Essential Skills" is a part of Net Objectives' Lean-Agile series. The authors’ intent is to teach the "minimal set of skills developers need on the journey toward becoming adept at incremental development.” In my opinion they’ve more than met that goal.

Note that while the title says "Agile Developer", almost all the examples are in Java, and the skills are just as useful to Java developers as to any other kind.

Due to its focus on the fundamentals of good software development, “Essential Skills” is one of those rare books that is valuable to both beginners and experienced developers.

Beginners will learn to develop high quality software, while experienced developers will be reminded of valuable practices they may have dropped while attempting to meet aggressive deadlines. But there's more.

The authors also describe the benefits gained, which is quite useful if you're often asked to "cut corners" and deliver something sooner. (Imagine flashes of lightning and ominous music here.) Once business people see how rushing things out the door leads to lower code quality, and eventually results in longer deliver times, they tend to back off a bit.

You've no doubt heard that moving a team that produces so-so software to an agile process won't improve the quality. They'll just produce it faster. However, using the skills you learn from this book will increase the quality of your software. And, over time, you may notice that it's sped things up too - whether you go agile or not.

In short, I strongly recommend this book for both beginning and experienced developers, no matter what methodology you follow. I found myself nodding in agreement more than a few times as I read, and I think you will too.

Oh, yes. One more thing. If you do nothing else, find someplace to read the Preface. Yes, that's right, the Preface. It's only two pages, but there's something worth learning right there. If you're not sitting in a bookstore, you can get it straight from the publisher at InformIT. If the link doesn't work, just go to http://safari.informit.com/9780321700469 then click the link for the Preface and enjoy.

“Essential Skills for the Agile Developer: A Guide to Better Programming and Design”
Authors: Alan Shalloway, Scott Bain, Ken Pugh, Amir Kolsky
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional; 1st edition (August 29, 2011)
ISBN-10: 0321543734 ISBN-13: 978-0321543738

Burk on Books - Practical API Design

Practical API Design: Confessions of a Java Framework Architect

Author: Jaroslav Tulach

Published by: Apress on July, 2008

ISBN: 1430209739

If you write code then you are designing APIs and this book is for you.

Jaroslav Tulach, is the founder and initial architect of NetBeans and in this book he shares with us the lessons he learned during ten years of designing APIs that are used by developers around the world.

If others use your APIs, then the lessons found here are worth far more than the price of the book and the time it takes to read and digest it. Do yourself, and your users, a favor and start studying it today. And if others don’t use your APIs, then it might be that you need this book even more.

“Practical API Design” is divided into three parts: In part one, Jaroslav describes the theories underlying his approach to API design and his reasons for writing “another design book.” This section is reasonably brief and introduces the main concepts underpinning the rest of the book. In part two Jaroslav draws on his decade of experience and expounds on what works and what to avoid when designing frameworks and APIs for public consumption. Part three is where the rubber meets the road and Jaroslav shows how the theories and ideas from part one can be applied in daily life to achieve the practical application of the rules as described in part two.

The information in this book is relevant to every developer, though I will admit that some probably need it more than others. If you write code, you’re creating APIs - even if you’re the only one using them. If you’re creating APIs then knowing how to create and evolve those APIs benefits you and anyone who depends on those APIs to get things done.

For me, the bottom line on this book is that anyone who writes code winds up creating APIs, so it makes sense to learn how to create, evolve, and maintain them without breaking any code that already uses them.

There are some nice resources out there for anyone interested in learning more about this book. Here are just a few:

Jaroslav has created a website at “http://wiki.apidesign.org/wiki/Main_Page” with the intent of building a community around the book and the ideas he’s expressed in it.

Download chapter 1 from Apress at “http://www.apress.com/book/view/9781430209737”.

Check out InfoQ's interview with Jaroslav Tulach at “http://www.infoq.com/articles/tulach-practical-api-design”. In it there's a link to download chapter 3.

If you’re interested in learning more about the book, I have a more detailed review on DZone (and I’m told they may be giving away a copy) at http://books.dzone.com/reviews/practical-api-design.

Happy reading!

Burk Hufnagel

97 Things Every Software Architect Should Know hits #1 at Amazon

A few days ago, I shared with you my joy about a new book titled "97 Things Every Software Architect Should Know" which I co-authored with 52 other architects .

Even though it's only been available for a couple of weeks, the book is doing very well. In fact, Amazon's sales ranking currently shows it at #7 in Software Development, and #1 in Design & Architecture. It's also #1 in Surveying & Photogrammetry, but I think that's because the tags include the word "architect".

(Note: If you click on the slightly blurry image below, the link will show you the actual image from Amazon.com in all its glory.)

I'm speaking at ITARC 2009!

Just letting you know that I am speaking at this year's ITARC 2009 in Atlanta, GA which is a software conference put on by the International Association of Software Architects also known as IASA. For more information about the IASA, take a look at their website.

I'll be speaking about the importance of User Experience design, why we, as architects, need to be familiar with it, and how to improve the user experience of the software we design. The talk itself is scheduled for Friday, February 27th from 11:20 - 12:20 and the title is "The Layperson's Guilde to Building Better User Experiences. 

If you'd like to learn more, take a look at the agenda. Or, better yet, just register for the conference and experience it for yourself!